Philosophical Paradigms...

 Impulse, Instinct, and Survival: The Tripod of Human Existence.

By Dr Sunil S Rana 

The intricate web of human existence is held together by a trio of fundamental forces: impulse, instinct, and the primal drive for survival. These elements, though often interwoven, are distinct threads in the tapestry of human behavior, shaping individuals and societies alike. Drawing insights from Indian scholars and historians, this article of mine delves into the depths of these forces, exploring their implications, interrelations, and the timeless lessons they offer.

The Anatomy of Impulse

Impulse, often described as an unpremeditated action, is the harbinger of spontaneity in human behavior. It is raw, visceral, and unfiltered, often bypassing the rational faculties of the mind. The Sanskrit term Kama (desire) encapsulates the essence of impulse, reflecting the human tendency to act on fleeting whims. While impulses can lead to creativity and innovation, they can also result in folly and regret.

As Chanakya, the ancient Indian economist and strategist, remarked, “Before you start some work, always ask yourself three questions :- Why am I doing it? What the results might be? Will I be successful?” This wisdom underscores the importance of tempering impulse with introspection. In modern parlance, impulse may fuel a tweet, a purchase, or a decision, but unchecked, it can spiral into chaos.

Yet, it is impulse that propels humanity forward. It was an impulsive decision by Aryabhata to gaze at the stars that birthed revolutionary astronomical insights. It was the impulsive courage of Bhagat Singh that reignited the flame of independence in colonial India. Thus, impulse, like a double-edged sword, must be wielded with discernment.

Instinct: The Inner Compass

Instinct, in contrast, is the innate knowledge embedded in the fabric of life. It is the Sanskaras (impressions) that Indian philosophy speaks of, guiding human actions unconsciously. Instinct is primal, often linked to the fight-or-flight response, but it is also deeply intuitive, steering individuals toward survival and reproduction.

Rabindranath Tagore, in his poetic wisdom, captured the essence of instinct: “The butterfly counts not months but moments, and has time enough.” Instinct aligns with nature, teaching humans to live harmoniously with their environment. It is instinct that drives a mother to protect her child, that urges animals to migrate, and that informs the farmer when to sow and when to reap.

Modern neuroscience corroborates the power of instinct, revealing how the amygdala, a part of the brain, triggers immediate responses to perceived threats. This biological wiring, though ancient, is a testament to its indispensability. Indian sages often extolled the virtue of listening to one’s Antar-Atma (inner soul), a poetic reference to instinct as a guide in the labyrinth of life.

Survival: The Primeval Pursuit

Survival, the ultimate endgame, is the most potent of the trio. As the foundational drive of all living beings, survival transcends species, geography, and time. In the words of Swami Vivekananda, “Take risks in your life. If you win, you can lead; if you lose, you can guide.” Survival often demands risks, courage, and resilience, qualities that have propelled humanity from the Stone Age to the Digital Era.

Indian history is replete with tales of survival against insurmountable odds. The Marathas, under Shivaji Maharaj, embodied the spirit of survival, outwitting mighty empires with guerrilla tactics. Similarly, the struggle for Indian independence was not merely a quest for political freedom but a fight for cultural and existential survival.

Survival is not merely biological; it is also cultural, emotional, and intellectual. The preservation of India’s ancient texts, despite invasions and colonization, is a testament to the survival instinct of its scholars. As Mahatma Gandhi stated, “Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will.” This indomitable will is the cornerstone of survival.

The Interplay of Impulse, Instinct, and Survival

The triad of impulse, instinct, and survival does not operate in isolation. They are interdependent, often influencing and amplifying each other. Impulse may act as the spark, instinct as the guide, and survival as the ultimate goal. Together, they create a dynamic interplay that shapes human destiny.

For instance, the impulse to innovate, guided by the instinct to adapt, often leads to breakthroughs that ensure survival. The Green Revolution in India is a classic example. The impulse to combat famine, aligned with the instinct to harness science, culminated in agricultural practices that safeguarded millions.

However, this interplay is not without challenges. Impulse can overshadow instinct, leading to recklessness, while an overemphasis on survival can stifle creativity. Striking a balance is akin to walking a tightrope, requiring wisdom, patience, and discernment.

Lessons from Indian Philosophy

Indian philosophy offers profound insights into managing this triad. The Bhagavad Gita, for instance, emphasizes the importance of Sthitaprajna (equanimity), urging individuals to remain balanced amidst impulses and instincts. Lord Krishna’s counsel to Arjuna; *“Perform your duty without attachment to the results”* is a timeless reminder to act with purpose and detachment.

Adi Shankaracharya’s doctrine of Advaita (non-dualism) further elucidates the interconnectedness of all existence. By recognizing the unity of impulse, instinct, and survival, individuals can transcend the ego and align with the universal consciousness.

The Modern Context

In today’s fast-paced world, the relevance of this triad is more pronounced than ever. Impulses are amplified by social media, instincts are dulled by urbanization, and survival is often reduced to material accumulation. This discordance has led to a rise in anxiety, stress, and alienation.

Yet, the wisdom of Indian thought provides a roadmap for navigating these challenges. By cultivating mindfulness, individuals can discern between fleeting impulses and genuine instincts. By embracing resilience, they can prioritize long-term survival over short-term gratification.

As Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, the Missile Man of India, aptly said, “You have to dream before your dreams can come true.” Dreams, often born of impulse, must be nurtured by instinct and anchored in the drive for survival.

Conclusion

Impulse, instinct, and survival are not merely biological phenomena; they are philosophical paradigms that define human existence. By understanding their nuances and interrelations, individuals can lead lives of purpose, balance, and fulfillment.

The journey of life, as described by Indian poet Kalidasa, is a symphony of moments; some impulsive, some instinctive, but all driven by the desire to survive and thrive. It is this symphony that makes life beautiful, unpredictable, and profoundly human.

In the words of the Rigveda, “Let noble thoughts come to us from every side.” May this triad, when understood and harnessed, guide humanity toward a future of harmony and enlightenment.